MARCH 2019 – RELIGIOUS, SOCIAL AND CRIMINAL GROUPS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN GIRLS AND WOMEN
In an innovative manner, Packing research addresses human trafficking from Nigeria to Europe, beyond the perspective of the ‘victim/madam’ duo as classically analysed. It postulates the involvement of several social groups whose activity does not originate in the practice of human trafficking, neither is reduced to it. The offense of trafficking is therefore perceived as based on an organization that, beyond the criminal activity itself, has a highly structured and legitimized social, community and religious base.
More precisely, this research describes the operation – activities and development – of each of religious groups (such as the neo-traditional Temples in Edo State, Nigeria), women’s groups (such as the Ladies’ clubs) and cultist groups (including Black Axe (Aye) and Supreme Eiye Confraternity) in Nigeria and France and then identifies their role and level of involvement in human trafficking.
This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union.
NOVEMBER 2016 – REACT EUROPEAN REPORT
This report provides a snapshot of the manner in which children who may have been trafficked into and within five EU states were or were not identified and protected in and up to 2016. It should be read in the context of other key
research1 in this area, which has identified many of the same issues and shortcomings.
For the purposes of this report, a trafficked child may be a foreign national, a national of an EEA state or a national of Belgium, France, Germany, the
Netherlands or the United Kingdom. This last group of trafficked children share many characteristics of the first two groups, but, as they do not require immigration status, they are unlikely to have their age disputed and may gain access to suitable care and accommodation more easily.
